Subject: A study of Time-Turners and the Mintumble Effect(s).
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Posted on: 2016-07-28 14:22:00 UTC

Every witch and wizard who has heard the words 'Time' and 'Turner' placed together knows that they represent an inordinately dangerous piece of magic. Created by encasing an Hour-Reversal Charm in an enchanted sandtimer, the Time-Turner has the ability to transport its bearer back into the past. They are the only exception to the absolute ban on time-travel magic, a ban which every Minister has confirmed for over a hundred years.

Yet the danger of time travel is both greater and less than some students might think. Certainly, it is possible to erase yourself from history (for example by Obliviating your grandparents to forget their marriage), and indeed to alter the course of events quite substantially - imagine an unscrupulous or incautious time traveller Stunning A. Dumbledore during his celebrated duel with Grindelwald. But some of the dangers have been overstated, or perhaps mitigated; and this is best discussed in the context of the tragic fate of Madam Eloise Mintumble.

In 1899, Madam Mintumble travelled back on a study trip to the year 1402. Her trip ran far longer than anticipated, and on her return a number of Effects (later named after her) were observed.

The First Mintumble Effect: On her return to the present of 1899, Madam Mintumble immediately aged five centuries (less three years), and died shortly thereafter. The First Effect is simply this: that any travel forward in time will cause the traveller to age accordingly, whatever speed that time may pass at. This Effect is not alleviated by the common Time-Turner, and is one reason for the five-hour rule regarding these instruments.

Rumour has it, however, that Theodore Nott successfully negated the First Effect in his two illicit Time-Turners. Unlike common Time-Turners, the Nott variety are designed to take the operator back to a certain time, and then return them to the present. The initial prototype allowed only a five-minute stay, while the second instrument extended the limit indefinitely. Given Nott's known skills, it is possible the Nott Turners contain some manner of potion to negate the First Effect. Alternately, they may be designed to project or displace the user into the past, rather than utilising time travel as it is normally understood.

The Second Mintumble Effect: From Madam Mintumble's deathbed testimony (obtained by Legilimency), it is known that at least 25 persons who existed in 1899 before her trip were 'un-born' due to her actions. Yet the impact of her five days in 1402 is far less than might be expected: the general course of both magical and non-magical history continued exactly as before, despite the absence of several family lines and all their interactions with the world. Other persons of similar nature simply found themselves in the same circumstances - most famously in the case of Anne Boelyn, witch and wife of King Henry VIII, who according to Madam Mintumble's memories, ought to have been a woman named Elizabeth Spindle.

Thus, the Second Mintumble Effect is: the past may be changed, but it is broadly resilient. The reverse is also true: should a traveller alter a major historical event (as happened in the Potter/Malfoy incident), the existence of people in the present is unlikely to be endangered, unless their lives directly depend on said event.

The Third Mintumble Effect: The third effect is the most serious, and the least understood. Following Madam Mintumble's trip, rescue, and death, ripples began to be felt in the fabric of time itself. The famous statement that 'Tuesday following her reappearance lasted two and a half full days, whereas Thursday shot by in the space of four hours' is, so far as can be determined, precisely correct. But this effect had not been observed in previous experiments, which had also not run afoul of the Second Effect. It seemed that the Third Effect occured only as a result of the Second: if history is changed, time's flow is disrupted in the present.

The five-hour rule for regular Time Turners was instituted primarily to prevent such effects: it prevents a witch or wizard causing significant changes in events that have already occured. Whether the Nott Turners were able to overcome the Third Effect as they had the First is unknown - according to the Minister's testimony, all the changes made to history were rectified before enough time had passed to observe the Third Effect in action. We have no evidence to show that this is not the case, nor that there has been any of the mass memory manipulation that would be needed to cover up a Third Effect incident.

~Huinesoron, Professor of Magical Artefacts, &c

(Basically, assume anything you don't recognise was invented by me. I'm trying to rationalise the stated facts, not necessarily say what JKR intended. ~hS)

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